GYPA and malaria: A second association, previously identified in a genome-wide association study of severe malaria that included a subset of data and samples in our study,9, 12 was seen at SNP rs186873296 in FREM3. The rs186873296 association tags a haplotype for the neighbouring region comprising GYPA, GYPB, and GYPE9 and, in particular, a hybrid gene comprising GYPA and GYPB, which encodes a blood antigen known as Dantu.12