In view of thalidomide possessing antiangiogenic activities, thalidomide and its existing analogs have been used experimentally to treat various cancers, dermatologic diseases, inflammatory diseases, and other neovascular disorders such as AMD and DR.36,79, , –82 Thalidomide blocked the increase of VEGF in the ocular fluid of STZ-diabetic rats, thus suggesting a therapeutic potential for DME caused by vascular leakage or breakdown of the blood–retina barrier.40 This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and age-related macular degeneration.