Regarding the expression of BAX, BCL2, TP53, CDKN1A and MDM2, all of these were more highly expressed in the PCa group (P≤0.001, P = 0.029, P = 0.011, P = 0.001, P = 0.001, and P = 0.025) than in the BPH group (Table 3). Here, CDKN1A is linked to benign prostatic hyperplasia.