Further experiments are required to determine whether positive effect of QCT in preventing intestinal damage is related to decreasing intestinal permeability as well as to decreased generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8), decreased activation of NFκB signaling, decreased leukocyte chemotaxis, and decreased T-cell reactivity, which were described in an animal model of inflammatory bowel disease. Here, TNF is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.