SHANK2 and autism: Mutations in all three SHANK genes (SHANK1, SHANK2, and SHANK3) occur in autistic patients (Durand et al., 2007; Berkel et al., 2010; Sato et al., 2012), and Shank mutant mice reproduce several autism-related phenotypes (Bozdagi et al., 2010; Peça et al., 2011; Wang et al., 2011; Schmeisser et al., 2012; Won et al., 2012; Lee et al., 2015; Peter et al., 2016).