Since uNK cells are of great interest to reproductive biologists and immunologists as a target for therapies, we aimed to assess the uNK cell numbers and their NKp30 activation status in a well characterised patient population with or without endometriosis across different phases of the menstrual cycle and to examine the early stages of disease establishment in the baboon model of induction of endometriosis. This evidence concerns the gene NCR3 and endometriosis.