Intraperitoneal injection of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-1 (rhIGF-1) alleviates pneumocyte apoptosis, restores CCSP expression, and removes the block of the formation of lung alveoli in hyperoxia-exposed rats, which provides rationale for clinical application of rhIGF-1 in prevention and treatment of BPD [78]. The gene discussed is IGF1; the disease is bronchopulmonary dysplasia.