IGFBP3 and asthma: IGFBP-3 inactivates NF-κB signaling pathway in asthma in that it degrades IκBa and p65-NF-κB through IGFBP-3 receptor-mediated, IGF-1-independent activation of caspases, which further blocks TNF-α-induced inflammation and eosinophil migration [215].