Our results are consistent with the observations of Kwon et al. [54], who suggested that an increase in urine volume and a decrease in osmolarity in rats with 5/6 nephrectomies that developed chronic renal failure (CRF) was due to decreased protein expression not only of AQP2, but also of AQP1 and AQP3. The gene discussed is AQP1; the disease is chronic kidney disease.