TNF and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: The specific antibody of TNF, is increased in sputum and serum in COPD patients, have toxicity with increased risk of lung cancer and pneumonia in patients with COPD (Rennard et al., 2007; Dentener et al., 2008) IL-6 receptor (IL-6R)-specific antibody is clinical benefit in rheumatoid arthritis who are recalcitrance to TNF-targeted therapy, but no clinical studies have been implemented in COPD (Strand et al., 2012).