Combining these data with the 220 genes described above yielded a total of 251 candidate genes that include several known to play a significant role in lung cancer (e.g., IKK-BETA, KRAS, EGFR, ZEB1, TWIST1), in addition to two potent drivers (FSCN1 and HOXA1) of melanoma transformation and metastasis identified in our previous studies12,25. Here, TWIST1 is linked to lung carcinoma.