To date, four immune checkpoint pathway inhibitors have been approved by the United Stated Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in patients with NSCLC: nivolumab and pembrolizumab, both targeting the programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) receptor, as well as atezolizumab and durvalumab, targeting the anti-programmed death- ligand 1 (PD-L1) [9, 17]. Here, PDCD1 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.