Unexpectedly, in our cohort of patients, TWEAK levels were independent of the disease stage and did not reflect patients’ outcome, highlighting that different members of the TNF ligand superfamily (such as APRIL or TWEAK) might have different roles in the pathophysiology of this disease and might reflect different aspects of the pathophysiology of pancreatic cancer when used as a biomarker in this setting. This evidence concerns the gene TNFSF13 and familial pancreatic carcinoma.