INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Regarding the impact on glycaemic control variables, it has been reported that vitamin E would have an effect on glycated haemoglobin and insulin through the disruption of glycation and protection of β-cell toxicity in patients with type 2 diabetes [43, 45] who present with glycated haemoglobin levels of 8–10% or low levels of vitamin E (< 5.0 μg/mL) [45].