Purified CD8 T-cells from an HLA A*02:01+ type I diabetes patient were stimulated with peptides from CMV, GAD65, IGRP, IA-2, and the insulin-β chain (Table 2) to create T-cell lines for testing with standard and optimized tetramer staining protocols (Figure 2A) (see Figure S1 in Supplementary Material for optimized protocol schematic). This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus.