In particular, the α7-nAChR is emerging as an important player in the HIV field, since it is expressed not only in the brain, but also in a wide variety of immune cells that are targeted during HIV infection, such as macrophages, monocytes, B-lymphocytes, and T-lymphocytes (CD4+) (Wang et al. 2003; van der Zanden et al. 2012; Kawashima et al. 2015), making it a suitable target for treatment development. The gene discussed is CHRNA7; the disease is HIV infectious disease.