Genes located in these regions include C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4), which inhibited tumor cell proliferation and neural invasion in cell lines of hilar cholangiocarcinoma when silenced54, Toll Like Receptor 2 (TLR2), known to promote cell migration and invasion by modulating NF-κB pathway in iCCA55, and Interleukin-8 (IL8), associated to advanced TNM stages and recurrence of hilar cholangiocarcinoma56. Here, TLR2 is linked to hilar cholangiocarcinoma.