The only evidence‐based systemic treatment option is sorafenib, a small‐molecule multikinase inhibitor, for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).67 The presence of tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes expressing PD‐1 in HCC lesions and their correlation with outcome suggest that immunotherapeutic approaches might be useful in this setting.68 To assess the safety and efficacy of nivolumab, a phase I/II dose escalation and expansion trial was designed in patients with advanced HCC with or without chronic viral hepatitis. Here, PDCD1 is linked to neoplasm.