Recent extensive studies have indicated that microglia intrinsically produce CXCL10 and CCL5 upon infection with a variety of neurotropic viruses, including cytomegalovirus [32], human immunodeficiency virus[33], herpes simplex virus [34] Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus [35], and Japanese encephalitis virus [36],[37]. Here, CCL5 is linked to infection.