Melanoma patients were found to have decreased expression of co-stimulatory molecules (e.g. ICOSL, OX40L) with AdVTMM2 DC compared to healthy donors, while both melanoma patients and healthy donors had increased expression of co-inhibitory molecules (TIM3L, PD-L1, PD-L2, CTLA-4) in matured compared with immature DC [unpublished data]. This evidence concerns the gene TNFSF4 and melanoma.