In HIV+ individuals with either latent or active TB, anti-PD-1 antibodies significantly enhanced CFP-10 and ESAT6 induced IL-17 (p = 0.047 & 0.0008), (Fig. 5a, b); IL-22 (p = 0.025 & 0.0006), (Fig. 5c, d); IFN-γ (p = 0.0088 & 0.0174), (Fig. 5e, f); but decreased IL-10 significantly (p = 0.0163 & 0.0261) (Fig. 5g, h); compared to CFP-10 and ESAT6 alone. Here, IFNG is linked to tuberculosis.