With this in mind, the aim of the present study was to explore the regulation and biological role of SLC15A3 in the TLR-mediated inflammatory responses of mouse primary peritoneal macrophages (PMs) and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), human acute monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1, and the human lung epithelial carcinoma cell line A549. This evidence concerns the gene SLC15A3 and acute monocytic leukemia.