We noted that large-scale genomic alterations are common in CA-CRC; four MSS carcinomas (20%) appeared tetraploid or near tetraploid, and a further eight MSS carcinomas (40%) appeared triploid or near triploid, features which did not appear to correlate with mutation of TP53 or APC (figure 3A). Here, APC is linked to colorectal carcinoma.