In addition to a role for ZIKV NS4A in antagonizing RLR signaling, NS4A has been recently discovered to interact with NS4B and induce cellular autophagy in human neural stem cells by interfering with the Akt-mTOR signaling, leading to defective neurogenesis characteristic of microcephaly (Liang et al., 2016). Here, DHX58 is linked to microcephaly.