In a study using airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells from asthma and control patients, stimulation with Tenascin-C induced greater MMP-1 expression by asthma patient ASM-derived cells, via JNK, p38, and ERK1/2 MAPKs signaling, and blocking β1 and β3 integrins decreased this response (47). This evidence concerns the gene TNC and asthma.