GPR43-deficient mice have exacerbated disease symptoms in models of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis as evidenced by reduced colon length, an increased disease activity index, severe inflammation, and increased myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the colon, and these symptoms could not be ameliorated by 150 mM (37) or 200 mM (36) of acetate treatment, although same doses of acetate treatment significantly improved the disease course of DSS-induced colitis in WT mice (36, 37). This evidence concerns the gene FFAR2 and colitis.