TGFB1 and Pleural effusion: Remarkably, using concentrations of TGF-β similar to those found at inflammatory sites such as pleural effusions, synovial fluid, and tumor-derived ascites (~0.25 ng/ml) (42–46), we found that all concentrations of PGE2 assessed markedly suppressed the expression of CD1a, preserving CD14 expression (Figure 1D).