NPHS1 and cancer: Neurofibroma-associated fibroblasts (NAFs) are abundant in cNF, where up to 50% of human cNF dry weight is collagen and NAFs display abnormal collagen deposition, all hallmarks reminiscent of fibrosis.20 However, initial attempts to verify the role of fibroblasts in human pNF by pharmacologically targeting fibroblast-producing collagen have had limited success.21,22 One explanation is that NAFs may not be the typical activated fibroblast cell characterized in major organ fibrosis and cancer contexts.