TGFB1 and colorectal carcinoma: MiR-193b has been shown to play an important role in CRC by promoting cellular proliferation via SMAD3 [33]; miRs-203, 181d and 182 regulate genes, including TGF-β2 and RUNX2, involved in CRC proliferation, differentiation, and invasion [34]; and miR-34a mediates oxaliplatin resistance in CRC via the TGFβ/SMAD4 pathway [35].