CTLA4 and myelodysplastic syndrome: Some recent reports showed that DNMT inhibitors (DNMTi), such as 5-azacytidine and 5-decitabine, can hypomethylate the promoter region of PD-1, PD-L2, and CTLA-4 in patients with acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplastic syndromes (AML/MDS) and upregulate their expression [40–42].