Here, we demonstrate that miR-132 not only regulates Calpain 2 directly, but its levels also inversely correlate with the levels of Calpain 2 mRNA in hundreds of AD brains, suggesting that miR-132 is a primary regulator of Calpain 2 expression in the brain, responsible for its upregulation in AD. The gene discussed is CAPN2; the disease is Alzheimer disease.