Moreover, CD83+ DCs are negatively correlated to VEGF and TGF-β expression in COPD patients (20 patients, mean age 76 years, 17 males, FEV1% 51) and the CD207/CD83 ratio is positively correlated to VEGF, TGF-β, and vascularity, suggesting that a reduced maturation of DCs in COPD is associated with airway vascularity and angiogenic factors. Here, CD83 is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.