In clinical HCC samples, CTNND1 (δ-catenin) expression was found to be up-regulated significantly in cancer tissues compared with paired normal liver tissues, and overexpression of CTNND1 in HCC cell lines promotes carcinous characters through indirectly enhancing Wnt/β-catenin signaling (Tang et al., 2016). This evidence concerns the gene CTNND1 and cancer.