Tanaka and Alfonso demonstrated that Sema3a suppressed the release of Th2-related cytokines (IL-5, IL-13 and IL-4) and inflammatory cytokines (IFN-α, IL-17 and TNF-α) but increased levels of the cytokine IL-10 in experimental allergic conjunctivitis and autoimmune arthritis models [38–39]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is atopic conjunctivitis.