Previous studies have shown that the overexpression of OCT4 is associated with the poor prognosis of patients with ESCC and with clinicopathological characteristics (gender, age, cell differentiation, invasion path, and lymph node metastasis).23 In this study, we investigated the relationship between OCT4 and LEF1 expression in the same 95 patient specimens. The gene discussed is POU5F1; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.