INS and diabetes mellitus: In keeping with this hypothesis, pregnant women with diabetes have lower kisspeptin levels than pregnant women without diabetes.47 In addition, previous rodent work has shown that selective ablation of the kisspeptin receptor, kiss1r, from pancreatic islet β‐cells in pregnant mice results in impaired glucose tolerance and reduced insulin secretion.48 Together these data suggest that elevated kisspeptin during pregnancy may play a positive physiological role in glucose homeostasis to protect against the development of gestational diabetes mellitus.