Detailed analysis indicated that after losing the 2–5A activity, neither dOASL-3D* nor oOASL-3D* induced rRNA degradation or upregulated the expression of RNase L or the 16 other genes related to IFN signaling, thus failing to prevent virus infection in DF1 cells and DF1OASL−/− (Figures 4D,E; Figures S5 and S6 in Supplementary Material). The gene discussed is RNASEL; the disease is viral infectious disease.