In an effort to conduct an in-depth study of the insulin-like effects of selenium, a streptozotocin-induced rat model for diabetes was used: in addition to mitigating diabetes-related altered activity of antioxidant enzymes and glycated hemoglobin content, chronic selenium administration also lead to downregulation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) and RAGE expression [30]. This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.