As a next step towards investigating whether activation of the HSF1 might be responsible for the induction of these genes in C9ORF72 patients, we used quantitative RT-PCR to measure the transcript abundance of HSF1 and 11 of these conserved HSP-associated transcripts in a much larger patient cohort that also included patients diagnosed with FTLD and both ALS and FTLD (n = 56 C9ORF72-ALS/FTLD, n = 46 sporadic ALS/FTLD, n = 8 controls). This evidence concerns the gene HSP90B2P and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.