Since Optn is downregulated in urothelial carcinoma, the most common type of bladder cancer, and may act as an inhibitor of TBK1 activity (264), it will be interesting to determine whether the lack of expression of Optn is responsible for increased TBK1 activity, and thus could be a relevant target for the treatment of these cancers. Here, OPTN is linked to urinary bladder carcinoma.