TNF and autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura: Based on the present findings, we suggest that ZDF reduces inflammation in ITP mice by lowering the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 through inhibition of p38, ERK, and JNK activation, downregulation of Δ12-PGJ2, and upregulation of palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, and arginine levels.