High expression of PD-L1 is regarded as a marker of an active anti-tumor immune response and correlates with adaptive immune resistance in several tumor types, including melanoma, NSCLC, Merkel cell carcinoma, breast cancer, mismatch-repair deficient tumors, and Hodgkin's lymphoma [10, 19, 21, 22, 26, 28–34]. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is melanoma.