Efficacy of 5-fluorouracil treatment in colorectal cancer patients can also be limited due to upregulation of antiapoptotic proteins like X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2N (UBE2N) as a consequence of decreased miR-96 expression (185) or due to upregulation of the antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-2-like protein 11 (BIM), or Bcl-2-like protein 2 (Bcl2L2) by reduced expression of miR-129, miR-10b, or miR-195, respectively (106, 117, 131). This evidence concerns the gene XIAP and colorectal cancer.