Similarly, in cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil-resistant gastric cancer patients the expression of lncRNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT-1) and lncRNA ANRIL (antisense to CDKN2B locus) are also increased and these non-coding RNAs promote MDR1 upregulation and drug resistance (29, 30). Here, PVT1 is linked to gastric cancer.