Therefore, we applied double immunofluorescence labeling of NF-L and microtubule-associated-protein-2 (MAP2), since the attenuation of MAP2 labeling is described to include penumbral areas of cerebral ischemia (Dawson and Hallenbeck, 1996; Kharlamov et al., 2009; Popp et al., 2009; Härtig et al., 2016). The gene discussed is NEFL; the disease is brain ischemia.