To verify the function of DG in regulation of alcohol addiction-related behaviors, we chemogenetically manipulated the activity of DG of C57BL/6J female mice by expression of adeno-associated viral vectors, serotype 1 and 2 (AAV1/2), encoding inhibitory designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADD) (AAV-hSyn-hM4D(Gi)-mCherry), or activatory DREADDs (AAV-hSyn-hM3D(Gq)-mCherry) [43], or the control virus (AAV-CaMKII-mCherry) (Fig. 1a). Here, CAMK2G is linked to Addictive alcohol use.