ITGAM and inflammatory bowel disease: We then isolated CD11b and Gr-1 double-positive cells from the colon of animals that had been fed with 5% DSS by FACS and measured TNF-α, a major cytokine secreted by DSS-treatment, thereby regulating IBD progression (Xiao et al., 2016), and a HIF-1 downstream target (Xing et al., 2015).