LOXL2 and fibrosis: There was no effect of PXS-S3B on total collagen content of the lungs (Figure 8A), but there was a significant reduction in fibrosis compared to vehicle-treated AdTGF-β1 rats, as assessed by modified Ashcroft scores (Figure 8B and C), and a significant improvement in lung function (i.e. a reduction in lung stiffness as measured by pressure-driven pressure volume-loops and elastance) at day 28 (Figure 8D and E), reflecting our in vitro finding that LOXL2/LOXL3 inhibition reduces tissue stiffness.