TGFB1 and pulmonary fibrosis: Given the importance of TGF-β as a driver of fibrosis, we used an in vivo model of lung fibrosis driven by transient overexpression of active TGF-β1 by adenoviral vector gene transfer, which results in severe progressive fibrosis and recapitulates several features of pulmonary fibrosis in human disease (Sime et al., 1997).