ID3 and Alzheimer disease: Although DNA hypo-methylation in vitro and higher levels of DNA methylation in vivo as epigenetic alterations in AD have been reported (Sanchez-Mut and Graff, 2015), roles of target genes of PAX3 and PAX7 such as Cdc20 and Id3 have not been researched in neither AD nor MDD (Diao et al., 2012).