In a study on the effects of radiotherapy on gliomas, Park found that radiation switched on the EGFR-mediated p38/Akt and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways, which led to increased glioma cell metastasis and invasive ability by up-regulating matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) expressions [44]. This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and glioma.