With regard to the diagnosis of AATD, in Spanish screening or case-detection programs in COPD patients, such as that done in 2005 by de la Roza et al. where, out of 971 samples, 62 (6.4%) had low levels of AAT and only 4 patients had a severe deficiency [21], or the IDDEA project (Information and Detection of Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Deficit) carried out in 2008 by the REDAAT in Primary Care, where of the 596 samples from COPD patients, AAT levels < 60 mg/dl were detected in only 6 (1.1%) [22]. The gene discussed is PSMA6; the disease is alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency.