HIF1A and tuberculosis: In the infected granulomas of murine lung tissue, there is up regulation of key glycolysis enzymes and transporters for glucose uptake, down regulation of enzymes participating in the Krebs cycle and downregulated oxidative phosphorylation.51 Tuberculosis, similar to the systemic BCG vaccines described here, induces hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1a), a key enzyme in aerobic glycolysis control.